1
Assistant Professor, Department of Jurisprudence and Fundamentals of Islamic Law, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran.
2
Ph.D., Department of Fiqh and Fundamentals of Islamic Law, Faculty of Theology and Islamic Studies, Mazandaran University, Mazandaran, Iran
3
Master in financial and economic law, Islamic Azad University, Salmas, Iran
10.22034/ejs.2026.566534.2154
Abstract
Background and aim: The expansion of metaverse platforms has provided users with the opportunity to create, exchange, and accumulate various types of virtual assets; this article, using a comparative approach, examines the civil liability of metaverse platforms against economic losses of users.
Methods: This research is of a theoretical type and has been carried out using a descriptive-analytical method.
Ethical considerations: In this research, the principles of trustworthiness, honesty, neutrality and originality of the work have been respected.
Results: A special regime or at least guiding principles should be developed in Iranian law to regulate this responsibility in order to establish a balance between protecting users and maintaining economic feasibility and innovation.
Conclusion: Metaverse platforms are more than neutral intermediaries and contribute to economic risks by designing the environment, rules of interaction, and structural profits. They must have positive duties in security, transparency, warning, and oversight commensurate with control and profit, and are subject to civil liability in the event of a breach.
Jahani,A A , Shokrian Amiri,H and Barzegari Sadaghiani,A . (2026). Civil liability of metaverse platforms against economic losses of users. (e246071). Strategic Studies of Jurisprudence and Law, (), e246071 doi: 10.22034/ejs.2026.566534.2154
MLA
Jahani,A A , , Shokrian Amiri,H , and Barzegari Sadaghiani,A . "Civil liability of metaverse platforms against economic losses of users" .e246071 , Strategic Studies of Jurisprudence and Law, , , 2026, e246071. doi: 10.22034/ejs.2026.566534.2154
HARVARD
Jahani A A, Shokrian Amiri H, Barzegari Sadaghiani A. (2026). 'Civil liability of metaverse platforms against economic losses of users', Strategic Studies of Jurisprudence and Law, (), e246071. doi: 10.22034/ejs.2026.566534.2154
CHICAGO
A A Jahani, H Shokrian Amiri and A Barzegari Sadaghiani, "Civil liability of metaverse platforms against economic losses of users," Strategic Studies of Jurisprudence and Law, (2026): e246071, doi: 10.22034/ejs.2026.566534.2154
VANCOUVER
Jahani A A, Shokrian Amiri H, Barzegari Sadaghiani A. Civil liability of metaverse platforms against economic losses of users. SSJL. 2026;():e246071 (In Persian). doi: 10.22034/ejs.2026.566534.2154
